搜索结果: 1-15 共查到“科学技术哲学 reasoning”相关记录16条 . 查询时间(0.062 秒)
Scientific Reasoning Is Material Inference: Combining Confirmation, Discovery, and Explanation
inference concepts confirmation induction
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2009/9/11
Whereas an inference (deductive as well as inductive) is usually viewed as being valid in virtue of its argument form, the present paper argues that scientific reasoning is material inference, i.e., j...
On the Very Idea of a Style of Reasoning
Styles of Reasoning NOA
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2009/9/11
Although Ian Hacking’s meta-concept is frequently applied to historical cases, few theorists have questioned the very idea of a style of reasoning. Hacking himself considers Donald Davidson’s conceptu...
Scientific Cognitionas Model-Based Reasoning
Scientific Cognitionas Reasoning
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2008/12/26
Recent work on model-based reasoning (MBR) in science has focused on scientific discoveries and conceptual change. This paper argues that model-based reasoning may provide a framework to explain the r...
Model-Based Reasoning and Diagnosis in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)
Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis
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2008/12/16
It is common knowledge that there is an essential methodological distinctionin dealing with diagnosis in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and in Modern Medicine (MM). For a long time, understanding...
Learning Causal Structure from Reasoning
Reasoning Learning Causal Structure
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2008/4/22
According to the transitive dynamics model, people can
construct causal structures by linking together
configurations of force. The predictions of the model
were tested in two experiments in which ...
Representation, Interpretation, and Surrogative Reasoning
representation models interpretation surrogative reasoning
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2008/4/22
In this paper, I develop Mauricio Suárez’s distinction between denotation, epistemic representation, and faithful epistemic representation. I then outline an interpretational account of epistemic repr...
Subjective Probabilities as Basis for Scientific Reasoning?
Scientific Reasoning Subjective Probabilities
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2008/4/21
Bayesianism is the position that scientific reasoning is probabilistic and that probabilities are adequately interpreted as an agent’s actual subjective degrees of belief, measured by her betting beha...
Is There an Independent Principle of Causality in Physics? A Comment on Matthias Frisch, “Causal Reasoning in Physics.”
causality causation dispersion scattering
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2008/4/15
Matthias Frisch has argued that the requirement that electromagnetic dispersion processes are causal adds empirical content not found in electrodynamic theory. I urge that this attempt to reconstitute...
Indeterminism, Asymptotic Reasoning, and Time Irreversibility in Classical Physics.
determinism indeterminism acausality
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2008/4/14
A recent proposal of Norton (2003) to show that a simple Newtonian system can exhibit stochastic acausal behavior by giving rise to spontaneous movements of a mass on the dome of a certain shape is ex...
Causal Reasoning in Physics
Causation Physics Russell Norton
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2008/4/10
In this paper I examine several neo-Russellian arguments for the claim that there is no room for an asymmetric notion of cause in mature physical theories. I argue that these arguments are unsuccessf...
Anthropic reasoning in multiverse cosmology and string theory
string theory multiverse cosmology Anthropic reasoning
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2008/4/10
Anthropic arguments in multiverse cosmology and string theory rely on the weak anthropic principle (WAP). We show that the principle, though ultimately a tautology, is nevertheless ambiguous. It can b...
Anthropic Reasoning and the Contemporary Design Argument in Astrophysics: A Reply to Robert Klee
philosophy of cosmology observation selection
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2008/4/10
In a recent study of astrophysical “fine-tunings” (or “coincidences”), Robert Klee critically assesses the support that such astrophysical evidence might be thought to lend to the design argument (i.e...
The Problem of Transition Across Levels in the van Hiele Theory of Geometric Reasoning
Geometric Reasoning Transition Across Levels
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2008/4/8
The most outstanding characteristic of the van Hiele theory of geometric reasoning (Hoffer, 1983; Perdikaris, 1994; van Hiele,1986) is perhaps the relationship between the levels of reasoning, a hiera...
Atomism and the Reasoning by a Non-Classical Logic
atomism logic Avogadro
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2008/4/7
Often, in the original scientific writings, a double negated statement (DNS) is not equivalent to his corresponding positive one; that means the inferring law ¬¬A ® A does not apply. Recen...
How to eliminate illusions in quantified reasoning
eliminate illusions quantified reasoning
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2008/4/3
The mental model theory postulates that reasoners build models of situations described in premises.
These models normally make explicit only what is true according to the premises. The theory has an
...