搜索结果: 91-105 共查到“知识库 人类学”相关记录912条 . 查询时间(3.375 秒)
Convergence and free-will
reductionism artificial intelligence
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2011/9/8
If our mind is just an algorithm running on a flesh hardware, then it seems that there is no place for the free-will. An algorithm decides everything based on deterministic computations, or on random ...
Turing's Two Tests for Intelligence
computer intelligence machine intelligence Turing Test computing machinery
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2011/9/8
In ‘Computing Machinery and Intelligence’, Alan Turing actually proposed not one, but two, practical tests for deciding the question ‘Can a machine think?’ He presented them as equivalent. I show here...
Turing test, easy to pass; human mind, hard to understand
Turing test mind thinking understanding
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2011/9/8
Under general assumptions, the Turing test can be easily passed by an appropriate algorithm. I show that for any test satisfying several general conditions, we can construct an algorithm that can pass...
Consciousness, Agents and the Knowledge Game
Artificial agents consciousness inferentialism zombies.
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2011/9/8
This paper has three goals. The first is to introduce the “knowledge game”, a new, simple and yet powerful tool for analysing some intriguing philosophical questions. The second is to apply the knowle...
Moral Realism and Cross-Cultural Normative Diversity, Comment on Henrich et al.
Cross-cultural normative diversity moral anti-realism ultimatum game dictator game public good game
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2011/9/5
We discuss the implications of the findings reported in the target article for moral theory, and argue that they represent a clear and genuine case of fundamental moral disagreement. As such, they sup...
Azande Witchcraft, Epistemological Relativism and the Problem of the Criterion
Azande witchraft scepticism epistemological relativism naturalism
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2011/9/5
In this paper, I discuss the problem of epistemological relativism, which I take to be the problem of providing epistemic norms with an objective rational justification, rather than the problem of arg...
Justice and the Structure of Reciprocity: How Empirical Results Can Inform Normative Theory
cooperation reciprocity altruism experimental economics
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2011/9/5
Over the past two decades a rich empirical literature has developed, reflecting work in economics, psychology, neurobiology, evolutionary biology and other disciplines, concerning human cooperation, a...
"If there is nothing beyond the organic ...": Heredity and Culture at the Boundaries of Anthropology in the Work of Alfred L. Kroeber
culture concept nature/nurture heredity superorganic boundary work disciplines
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2011/9/5
When, in turn-of-the-20th-century America, Alfred L. Kroeber continued the work of Franz Boas, in establishing anthropology as an academic discipline in the US, he defined culture as a phenomenon sui ...
Tales of Tools and Trees: Phylogenetic analysis and explanation in evolutionary archaeology
Phylogenetic analysis Evolutionary archaeology Technology
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2011/9/5
In this paper, I study the application of phylogenetic analysis in evolutionary archaeology. I show how transfer of this apparently general analytic tool is affected by salient differences in discipli...
中国教育人类学研究述评
教育人类学 研究方法 学科体系 理论建构
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2013/5/20
20世纪80年代以来，教育人类学研究在我国获得长足发展，主要集中在：对西方教育人类学理论、流派和方法的引进及其比较与评析性研究；教育人类学与我国传统教育思想、教育现实的关联性研究；教育人类学方法何以用于中国教育的可行性研究；如何从本土视角探讨教育人类学学科体系建构、研究对象和研究内容、研究方法与方法论，以及学科发展的研究等几个方面。本文在系统梳理已有研究的基础上，讨论了当前我国教育人类学研究的不足...
《易经》的天人观与生态文明建设
易经 天人观 生态文明 启示
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2012/11/21
《易经》形成了较为完善的天人观系统，确立了天地人“三才”的整体论构成，贯穿了“法天用天”的逻辑归纳体系，强调“生生不息”的生态思想观念。《易经》的天人观可以帮助我们宏观上审视如何走中国式的生态文明之路。在建立符合科学发展观的生态伦理观、树立生态整体观思想、建设生态人文观等方面具有重大启示作用。
基于习惯的人类动力学建模
人类动力学 习惯 正态分布
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2013/9/3
定量地理解人类行为是现代科学的中心议题之一, 但由于人类行为的复杂性, 其规律是难以发掘的. 当前使用的人类动力学模型都假设人类行为发生的时间是随机分布的. 为更好地解释人类行为中的阵发性与重尾特征, 基于习惯的人类动力学模型通过结合考虑排队模型与人类行为特有的习惯特征, 根据事件已发生的次数与稳定程度调整分布参数, 使用正态分布模拟连续事件发生的间隔时间, 并利用随机参数模拟现实中随机出现的打断...
湖北神农架犀牛洞梅氏犀(真犀科, 哺乳动物纲)化石
梅氏犀基什贝尔格犀 湖北神农架 犀牛洞 晚更新世
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2013/9/3
神农架犀牛洞旧石器时代遗址是迄今在我国发现的位置最靠南和海拔最高的梅氏犀化石地点, 也是我国单一地点中材料最丰富、保存最完好的, 材料包括颅骨、下颌骨、单个牙齿及头后骨骼等. 根据其门齿缺失、下颌联合部收缩、枕面较高、外耳道下部封闭、具有额角和鼻角、鼻中隔适度骨化、前臼齿较高冠及颊齿釉质层表面较平整等特征, 可以将其归入Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis; 但犀牛洞的犀牛肢...
晋水灌区自明代以来就已经具备了相对完善的灌溉管理制度，该制度由渠长甲制和轮程分水制度两个部分组成。从明代晋王府军屯进入晋水灌区以来，晋水灌溉制度几经变迁，直至难老泉断流，整个制度彻底废止。这个延续了近七百年的灌溉制度一直是靠着乡土社会的礼治精神来支持的。这一礼治精神主要体现为“崇始报本”、“盈科而进”和“本乎人情”等各个方面。士人政府、士绅和宗族在一次次用水冲突和水利变革中维系着灌溉制度背后的礼治...