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Multiple Cation-Exchange Capacity Measurements on Standard Clays Using a Commercial Mechanical Extractor
Apparatus Cation-exchange capacity Ion-exchange method K-fixation Leaching tube 2:1 clay minerals
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2011/11/25
Abstract: Sequential cation-exchange capacity (CEC) measurements were obtained from standard clays using a mechanized, variable-rate leaching device. The device consists of a motorized screwjack and a...
Reduction of the Cation-Exchange Capacity of Montmorillonite by Take-Up of Hydroxy-Al Polymers
Cation-exchange capacity Hydroxy-Al polymer Interlayer Montmorillonite Smectite
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2012/1/12
The cation-exchange capacity (CEC) of Na-Al- and Ca-Al-montmorillonite after neutralization with NaOH or Ca(OH)2 was studied at three Al levels: 10, 25, and 50% of the CEC. Hydroxy-Al polymers were ef...
Ion Exchange, Thermal Transformations, and Oxidizing Properties of Birnessite
Birnessite Bixbyite Buserite Cation exchange Cryptomelane Hausmannite Hollandite Oxidation Thermal treatment
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2012/1/12
Synthetic sodium birnessite, having a cation-exchange capacity (CEC) of 240 meq/100 g (cmol/kg) was transformed into Li, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ni, and Mn2+ cationic forms by ion exchange in an aqueous medium...
Methyl t-Butyl Ether (MTBE) Production: A Comparison of Montmorillonite-Derived Catalysts with an Ion-Exchange Resin
Amberlyst 15 Catalysis Chlorhydrol Ion-exchange resin Methyl t-butyl ether Montmorillonite
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2012/1/13
Montmorillonite-based catalysts were compared with an acidic ion-exchange resin of the type used industrially for the production of methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) from methanol and isobutene or t-butanol...
Formation of Highly Selective Cesium-Exchange Sites in Montmorillonites
Cation exchange Cation selectivity Cesium Hofmann-Klemen effect Montmorillonite Wetting-drying
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2012/2/1
Ion-exchange sites with very high selectivity for Cs ( ΔG Ca 2+ Cs + = 40 kJ/eq) similar to illite were generated in a controlled way in montmorillonites by (1) repeated wetting-drying cycles and by (...
Thermodynamic Study of Na-K-Ca Exchange Reactions in Vermiculite
Cation exchange Entropy Free energy Interstratification Thermodynamics Vermiculite
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2012/2/6
The exchange of Na, K, and Ca ions in vermiculite has been studied between 50 and 150°C at a total normality of 0.1. The free energy changes were negative in the Na → K, Ca → K, and Na → Ca exchange r...
Exchange and Spectroscopy of Cationic Rhodium Complexes on Hectorite
Catalysis Cation exchange Hectorite Phosphine Rhodium
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2012/2/3
The exchange of Rh(NBD)(Pφ3)2+, Rh(NBD)(PMe2φ)3+, Rh(COD)(Pφ3)2+, and Rh(PMe2φ)4+ on hectorite was studied in methanol/dichloromethane, acetone, dimethylformamide, and acetonitrile. At low initial Rh+...
Extended Version of Gouy-Chapman Electrostatic Theory as Applied to the Exchange Behavior of Clay in Natural Waters
Electrolyte Gouy-Chapman theory Ion exchange Kaolinite Smectite Water
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2012/2/7
A model based on Gouy-Chapman theory, describing the ion exchange behavior of clays in mixed electrolyte solutions is presented. Computed ionic distributions, taking into account variations in relativ...
Anion-Exchange Properties of Hydrotalcite-Like Compounds
Anion exchange Anion selectivity Crystallite size Hydrotalcite Naphthol Yellow S X-ray powder diffraction
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2012/2/7
Ion-exchange isotherms between hydrotalcite-like compounds (HT) of the NO3-, Cl-, and SO4- forms and F−, Cl− Br−, I−, OH−, SO42−, CO32−, and Naphthol Yellow S...
Cation-Exchange Reactions of Siliceous and Aluminous Phillipsites
Cation exchange Cation selectivity Chemical composition Phillipsite Zeolite
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2012/2/8
Exchange isotherms for the pairs Na-K and Na-Ca were measured by use of 0.1 N solutions at 5°, 35°, and 70°C in phillipsite from Tecopa, California (3.63 Al/32 oxygen unit cell), and Oki Islands, Shim...
Dissolution Kinetics of Phlogopite. II. Open System Using an Ion-Exchange Resin
Dissolution Ion-exchange resin Kinetics Open system Mica Phlogopite
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2012/2/8
The rate of dissolution of phlogopite in an open system was measured at low temperature and pressure and at pH 3–5. The maximum dissolution rate was achieved by maintaining extremely low ionic concent...
Fe2+-Fe3+ Transformations in Clay and Resin Ion-Exchange Systems
Adsorption Electron transfer Ion-exchange resin Iron Oxidation Smectite
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2012/2/9
The pH, Eh, electrical conductivity (EC), and the amounts and valency of replaceable iron were measured periodically on Fe2+- and Fe3+-saturated montmorillonite and cation-exchange resin at three temp...
Interpretation of the Variability of Selectivity Coefficients for Exchange Between Ions of Unequal Charge on Smectites
Cation exchange Cation selectivity Entropy Mass action Selectivity coefficient Smectite
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2012/2/9
Ion-exchange experiments in expanding clay minerals conducted over a wide range of surface ionic compositions and ionic strength produce variable mass-action selectivity coefficients. When the exchang...
Kaolins: Sources of Differences in Cation-Exchange Capacities and Cesium Retention
Cation-exchange capacity Cs retention Interlayer wedges Kaolinite Vermiculite
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2012/2/9
Seven kaolins from Georgia (southeastern U.S.A.), ranging from high to low commercial grade, were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and chemical techniques to establish that the variation in q...
An Interpretation of Cation Selectivity Variations in M+—M+ Exchange on Clays
Adsorption Cation exchange Montmorillonite Selectivity Statistical mechanics
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2012/2/10
The decreasing preference of montmorillonite for K+ relative to Na+ as the clay adsorbs increasing amounts of K+ is shown to be the general rule for the exchange of strongly hydrating ions by weakly h...